Obesity is a term used to describe an unhealthy ratio of body fat to lean muscle mass. Medical standards state that individuals with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 30 are overweight. Individuals with a body mass index of more than 30 are considered obese and individuals with a body mass index of more than 40 (or who are more than 100 pounds over their ideal body weight) are considered morbidly obese. Individuals with a BMI of 35 or greater who also have a serious weight-related medical condition are also considered morbidly obese.
The Obesity Action Coalition estimates that 93 million
Americans are obese and nearly 9 million Americans are considered morbidly obese. According to some estimates, the number of obese adults in the United States has tripled in the past twenty years. The number of overweight and obese children is also on the rise.
There are many serious health risks associated with obesity and morbid obesity. Comorbid conditions associated with morbid obesity include: heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea, and some cancers (including: uterine, breast, kidney, and gallbladder). Obesity can also contribute to complications during pregnancies, elevated risks during surgery and even increased risks of psychological disorders. In addition, quality of life and social acceptance can be impaired by obesity.
Many factors may contribute to morbid obesity including the individual behavior (physical activity level and caloric intake), genetics, and environment. Sedentary lifestyles can contribute to weight gain and obesity. Studies suggest that economics also contribute to obesity: lower socio-economic classes have a higher percentage of morbid obesity than higher socio-economic classes.
There are many treatment options available for individuals who are obese or morbidly obese. It is highly recommended that all individuals consult a physician before making any serious lifestyle changes. Many treatment options include diet and exercise. Increasing physical activity and lowering caloric intake can contribute to weight loss. Additionally, bariatric surgeries have been proven to help obese and morbidly obese individuals lose significant amounts of body weight. Lifestyle changes are often imperative to sustaining weight loss.
Cited References:
Obesity Action Coalition
FacetoFace Health Weight Control Support Groups